Mombasa County is grappling with a worrying outbreak of Chikungunya, with 25 confirmed cases out of 45 samples tested by the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI). The affected areas include Mvita, Nyali, Likoni, and Kisauni, where recent heavy rains have created ideal breeding conditions for mosquitoes that spread the virus.
What is Chikungunya?
Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted by infected Aedes mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Unlike malaria mosquitoes, these species bite aggressively during the day, often near homes, schools, and workplaces. The virus was first identified in Tanzania in 1952, and its name means “that which bends up” in the Kimakonde language, describing the severe joint pain that causes sufferers to bend over.
Symptoms and Risks
Symptoms typically appear 4 to 8 days after being bitten and include:
High fever
Severe joint pain
Headache
Muscle pain
Skin rashes
Nausea
Extreme fatigue
While most people recover within a week, joint pain can persist for months or even years. Although Chikungunya is rarely fatal, older adults, young children, and individuals with chronic illnesses are at higher risk of complications such as organ damage.
Spread of the Virus in Mombasa
Mombasa’s humid climate, combined with the current rainy season, has led to increased mosquito breeding. Stagnant water in containers, gutters, old tires, and clogged drains provides perfect habitats for Aedes mosquitoes. Fatma Ali, Deputy Manager of Mombasa’s Emergency Operations Center, linked the rise in infections directly to these wet conditions.
In response, the county government has launched fumigation and spraying exercises targeting mosquito populations. Public education campaigns are also underway to raise awareness and encourage community participation in eliminating mosquito breeding sites.
How to Protect Yourself and Your Family
With no specific treatment or vaccine available, prevention remains the most effective defense against Chikungunya. Health officials recommend the following measures:
Avoid Mosquito Bites: Wear long-sleeved shirts, trousers, and closed shoes during the day. Use mosquito repellents containing DEET, IR3535, or icaridin on exposed skin and clothing. These repellents are safe for adults and children over two months old.
Keep Mosquitoes Out of Your Home: Install screens on windows and doors, and use mosquito nets, especially for vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly. Sleeping under insecticide-treated nets offers added protection.
Eliminate Breeding Sites: Remove standing water from containers, plant saucers, gutters, and other places where water collects. Cover water storage containers tightly and encourage neighbors to do the same.
What to Do if You Suspect Infection
If you experience symptoms consistent with Chikungunya, seek medical attention promptly. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms—painkillers like paracetamol or acetaminophen can reduce fever and ease joint pain. Avoid aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs unless prescribed by a doctor, as they may increase bleeding risk. Stay hydrated and rest as much as possible. Recovery times vary, with some patients requiring weeks or months to fully regain strength.
Mombasa residents are urged to remain vigilant and cooperate with health authorities to contain the outbreak. Maintaining clean environments and protecting against mosquito bites are critical steps in preventing further spread of this painful and debilitating disease.
